| Geology of the County | ||
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In Taylor County, water is obtained from consolidated sedimentary rocks of Ordovician, Devonian, Mississippian, and Pennsylvanian ages, and from unconsolidated sediments of Quaternary age. Geologists call the oldest rocks found at the surface in Taylor County the Calloway Creek Limestone. This formation was deposited in warm seas, 450 million years ago, during the Ordovician Period. Above the Ordovician rocks lies the Devonian Chattanooga Shale, 400 million years old, which was formed when the deep sea floor became covered with an organic black muck. The muck is now hard black shale (an oil shale), and is one of the most distinctive of all geologic formations in Kentucky. The Mississippian sandstones and siltstones are the result of a great influx of mud, silts, and sands brought in by rivers and streams from uplands many miles away and deposited as a great delta. The Mississippian limestone found in Taylor County was deposited 350 million years age in the bottom of a warm, shallow sea. At the end of the Mississippian, 320 million years ago, the seas receded and Pennsylvanian sediments were deposited. The warm climate of the Pennsylvanian grew extensive forests and great coastal swamps at the edges of water bodies. Marine waters advanced and receded many times, which produced many layers of sandstone, shale, and coal. Vegetation of all sorts fell into the water and was buried under blankets of sediments, which over long geologic time were compressed into coal. The nonvegetative sediments such as sand, clay, and silt were compressed into sandstone and shale. Over the last million years unconsolidated Quaternary sediments have been deposited along the larger streams and rivers. Geologic Formations in the County Limestones Sandstones Interbedded clay shales, siltstones, and sandstones Fractured shales Interbedded limestones and shales For more information, see the definitions of geologic terms and rock descriptions, a geologic map of the county, a summary of the geology of Kentucky, and a discussion of fossils and prehistoric life in Kentucky. Previous--Next--Back to "Groundwater Resources in Kentucky"
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