What is the nature of the problem?
| Web tents enclosing leaves at end of branches |  |
FALL WEBWORM |
| Spots on leaves, no holes | |
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| Chewing damage on leaves | |
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| Irregularly-shaped tubular growths on leaves | |
ELM COCKSCOMB GALL |
| Round or oval scales on twigs or limbs | |
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| Tunneling damage beneath the bark on limbs or trunk | |
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Spots on Leaves, No Holes
| Mottled leaves, flat, white bugs and /or spiny black nymphs on undersides of leaves. Small black spots on leaves | |
LACE BUGS |
| Leaves with many tiny pale spots or dots – elongate wedge-shaped insects present | |
LEAFHOPPERS |
| Groups of small soft-bodied insects on lower leaf surface, leaves may be sticky with honeydew or covered with sooty mold | |
APHIDS |
Chewing Damage on Leaves
| Feeding damage on leaf lower surface only; dark larvae present | |
ELM LEAF BEETLE |
| Greatest leaf damage from top of tree downwards; leaf tissue removed from between veins; iridescent copper beetles may be present | |
JAPANESE BEETLE |
| Yellow-green larvae curled around twigs while feeding; all parts of the leaf consumed starting at the margin | |
ELM SAWFLY |
| Shothole feeding damage by tiny brown adults; blotch mines caused by larvae | |
EUROPEAN ELM FLEA BEETLE |
Round or Oval Scales on Twigs or Limbs
| White and dark brown/black soft scale; edges of scale are dark | |
CALICO SCALE |
| Oval-shaped reddish brown soft scale surrounded by a white waxy fringe | |
EUROPEAN ELM SCALE |
| Gray-brown scales, shaped like oyster shells, on twigs | |
OYSTERSHELL SCALE |
| Dirty white, pear-shaped scale | |
SCURFY SCALE |
Tunneling Damage Beneath Bark on Limbs or Trunk
| Small brown beetles with heavily pitted wing covers, frass in small branch crotches of healthy trees; multiple galleries radiating from a central gallery in the phloem of stressed trees | |
ELM BARK BEETLE |
| Reddish pink caterpillars, tunnels in sapwood, frass and sap present at entrance hole in the bark | |
CARPENTERWORM |
| Damage progress from the bottom, up the tree, girdling it. Deformed trunks, sucker growth may also be seen | |
FLATHEADED APPLE TREE BORER |