Geography 600, graduate introductory methods course

Tad Mutersbaugh, tmute2@uky.edu, 257-1316,

871 patterson office tower

First Day!!! Introduction Methodology: Epistemology, ontology, reflexivity

Methods-issues

From the Dictionary of Human Geography: epistemology, ontology, space.place

Dictionary of Social Thought: methodology, realism

WEEK 2: What is data, anyway?

The Bowman expedition and militant empiricism.

Ethnographic mapping and ethics: Mexican indigenous communities and geographical knowledge

Political Geography Exchange:

Joe Bryan, 2010, Force multipliers: Geography, militarism, and the Bowman Expeditions Political Geography 29

John Agnew, 2010, Ethics or militarism? The role of the AAG in what was originally a dispute over informed consent Political Geography 29

Wainwright J. Geopiracy p.47-52 (human terrain and geosecurity) 67 - 92 (chapters 5,6), p. 12-20 (expert v. amateur)

Mutersbaugh, Wainright critique for Dialogues in Human Geography -- invited response, forthcoming (draft...not for citation -- nor of course distribution!)

A few primary source documents

Letter from Tiltepec & University of Kansas student newspaper interview

American Geographical Society Newletter from 2010

Interesting powerpoint about the Bowman Expedition

tad's letter to Oaxacan Colleagues (English version)

[A few Discussion QUESTIONs: what is militant empiricism? Why is it important? What are the alternatives? What are the ethical questions? Is it possible to support the Belmont principles in an age of PRISM and XKeyscore? What are the alternatives? Please suggest your own Discussion Qs!]

Task #2: Human Subjects and research ethics

Complete CITI training for human subjects research. Most of the research we would do falls in the 'exempt' category, but if research you contemplate does not, complete other sections as well; read through the 'UK instructions' portion to see which sections of this you need to complete. As X number of students have learned, failing to complete this can lead to a Rube Goldberg: Internal Review Board (IRB) petition for research clearance to be held up, funding is on hold, cant find faculty to fill out forms, research put on hold…

The web site is: https://www.citiprogram.org/

Also please check out the UK human subjects website: http://www.research.uky.edu/ori/humansubjects.html

               IRB Survival Handbook

WEEK 3: Epistemological foundations of Research: Causal v. Dialectical; flat and structured ontologies

Billo & Hiemstra, 2013, Mediating Messiness

Research Design (a good statement of 'scientific' geographic method)

Thomas Kuhn Structure of Scientific Revolutions chapters 2, 4, 7 & 9

Marston, Jones, Woodward and the flattened ontologies debate.

Cope, Meghan. 2002. Feminist epistemology in geography. In P. Moss (Ed.), Feminist Geography in Practice, pp. 43-56. Oxford, Blackwell Publishers.

Sayer, A. Critical realism (classic statement of post-positivist social science)

Spivak G, Can the Subaltern Speak (read for methodological implications, viz., what dilemmas does it pose for reflexivity, critical realism, etc.)

WEEK 4: SEPT 19 No Class

 

WEEK 5. Qualitative/Quantitative divides

Sui D, DeLyser D, 2012, Crossing the qualitative- quantitative chasm I: Hybrid geographies, the spatial turn, and volunteered geographic information (VGI) Progress in Human Geography 36:1

Bergmann L, Sheppard E, Plummer P, 2009, Capitalism beyond harmonious equilibrium: mathematics as if human agency mattered Environment and Planning A 41: 265-283

Lawson, Victoria. 1995. The politics of difference: examining the quantitative/qualitative dualism in post-structuralist feminist research. Professional Geographer 47 (4): 449-457.

Sibley, D. 1998. Sensations and spatial science: gratification and anxiety in the production of ordered landscapes. Environment and Planning A 30 (2): 235-246.

Wily E, 2009, Strategic positivism. Professional Geographer 61(3):310-322

Knigge L, Cope M, 2006, Grounded visualization: integrating the analysis of qualitative and quantitative data through grounded theory and visualization Environment and Planning A 38: 2021-2037

Dialectics anyone?

Dixon and Jones: on the otherhand...dialectics

Sheppard: geographical dialectics

Brief discussion of dialectics in geography: (e.g., Melissa Wright's use of benjamin for femicide in Ciudad Juarez, o'connor's use of marx's metabolic rift)

WEEK 6. Statistical analysis and scientific method, critical approaches

DOING: matt (zook) recommends GeoDa software: this is useful since it is a. opensource (free), b. has a lot of geostatistical tools, and c. has sample datasets to play with. This is a bit timeconsuming, however, so I'll request that -- for the purposes of class discussion -- you limit engagement to 1.5 hr. including downloading etc. So,

1. Download GeoDa: varies depending upon your operating system (duh)

2. Download user manual: this is the principal, somewhat out-of-date tutorial, but others with updated instructions are available

3. Download sample data: choose any datasets that appeal to you, I used the Argentinean corn production data! (note: info on variables is available in the dataset download folder; note: the tutorial uses a lot of different databases, for the sake of time economy i would suggest trying the different exploratory statistics on just one database)

Play with this: i got as far as histograms in 1.5 hrs: so much for calculating spatial correlations!

Asad, Talal. Ethnographic representation, statistics and modern power.

Hacking, Ian. 1991. How should we do the history of statistics? In G. Burchell, C. Gordon and P. Miller (Eds.), The Foucault Effect, 181-195. Chicago, University of Chicago Press.

Barnes, T. J. 1998. A history of regression: actors, networks, machines and numbers. Environment and Planning A 30 (2): 203-223.

Hepple, L. 1998. Context, social construction and statistics: regression, social science and human geography. Environment and Planning A 30 (2): 225-234. 

SKIM Burt, James E. and Barber, Gerald M. 1996. Elementary Statistics for Geographers, Second edition. New York, Guilford. (pages 1-31) [SKIM]

WEEK 7. Reading quantitative geographical research

[Each student signs up for ONE of the following articles to present in class (yes, it did say two, I'm pleased to share the seminar with a lot more of you this time around!)]

Robbins, Paul. 2001. Tracking invasive land covers in India, or why our landscapes have never been modern. Annals of the Association of American Geographers91 (4): 637-659. 

Florida, Richard. 2002. The economic geography of talent. Annals of the Association of American Geographers92 (4): 743-755.

Gilbert, Melissa R. 1998. "Race," space and power: The survival strategies of working poor women. Annals of the Association of American Geographers88 (4): 595-621.

Political Geography: one area with a lot of quantitative work...Let's just pick one!...i couldn't decide, they're all interesting, so whoever signs onto this 'political' group can make the choice...

Ellis, Mark; Holloway, Steven R.; Wright, Richard; Fowler, Christopher S., 2012, Agents of Change: Mixed-Race Households and the Dynamics of Neighborhood Segregation in the United States. Annals of the Association of American Geographers 102(3): 549-570

Webster GR, Quinton N 2010, The electoral geographies of two segregationist (“Jim Crow”) referenda in Alabama Political Geography 29: 370-380

Brown M, Knopp L, Morrill R 2005 The culture wars and urban electoral politics: sexuality, race, and class in Tacoma, Washington Political Geography 24: 267–291

WEEK 8. Thinking Qualitative...(ly)

Burawoy, Michael. 1991. The Extended Case Method. In Ethnography Unbound Berkeley: Univ. California Press

Crang, M., 2005. Qualitative methods: there is nothing outside the text? PROGRESS IN HUMAN GEOGRAPHY 29(2): 225-233

Winchester, H. P.M. 2000. Qualitative research and its place in Human Geography. In Iain Hay (Ed.), Qualitative Research Methods in Human Geography, pp. 1-22. Oxford, Oxford University Press.

Gail Davies and Claire Dwyer, 2007, Qualitative methods: are you enchanted or are you alienated? Progress in Human Geography 31(2) pp. 257-266

Qualitative Data Packages?

WEEK 9. Reading qualitative geography

[Each student signs up for one article to present in class]

Nagar, Richa. 2000. Mujhe Jawab Do! (Answer me!): Women's grass-roots activism and social spaces in Chitrakoot (India). Gender, Place and Culture 7 (4): 341-362.

Bassett, Tom. 2003. Dangerous pursuits: hunter associations (Donzo Ton) and national politics in Côte D'Ivoire Africa 73(1): 1-30.

Guthman, Julie, 2012, Opening Up the Black Box of the Body in Geographical Obesity Research: Toward a Critical Political Ecology of Fat. Annals of the Association of American Geographers 102 (5):951-957

Mansfield, Becky, 2012, Environmental Health as Biosecurity: “Seafood Choices,” Risk, and the Pregnant Woman as Threshold Annals of the Association of American Geographers 102 (5): 969-976

Smith, Sara, 2012, Intimate Geopolitics: Religion, Marriage, and Reproductive Bodies in Leh, Ladakh. Annals of the Association of American Geographers 102 (6): 1511-1528

WEEK 10. Visual methodologies of Place and Landscape (content analysis and semiotics) [task: photos, transects, readings]

Rose, Gillian. 2001. Visual Methodologies: An introduction to the interpretation of visual materials.  Sage: London. (chapter 1)geography_methods_pdfs/rose_visual-meth-ch1.pdf

Rose, Gillian. 2001. Visual Methodologies: An introduction to the interpretation of visual materials.  Sage: London. (chapter 2)

Rose, Gillian. 2001. Visual Methodologies: An introduction to the interpretation of visual materials.  Sage: London. (chapter 3)

Rose, Gillian. 2001. Visual Methodologies: An introduction to the interpretation of visual materials.  Sage: London. (chapter 4)

Rose, Gillian. 2001. Visual Methodologies: An introduction to the interpretation of visual materials.  Sage: London. (chapter 5)

Chari S, 2009, Photographing Dispossession, forgetting solidarity: waiting for social justice
in Wentworth, South Africa Transactions 34 521–540

WEEK 11. Mappings

EPICOLLECT?

Sara MacKian, 2004. Mapping reflexive communities: visualizing the geographies of emotion
SO SOCIAL & CULTURAL GEOGRAPHY 5(4): 615-631

crampton, graham, poorthuis, shelton, stephens, wilson, zook! under review? Beyond the Geotag? Deconstructing “Big Data” and Leveraging the Potential of the Geoweb

Nikolas Huffman, 1997. Charting the other maps, In Thresholds in Feminist Geography eds jp jones iii, heidi nast, susan roberts

Huffman image 1;      Huffman images 2 & 3

Matthew Sparke, 1998. A map that roared Annals Association of American Geographers 88(3): 463-495
(article on politics of First Peoples mapping in Canada)

WEEK 12. Surveys [Do a survey]

Survey as an interactional practice: well, maybe not so interactional; perhaps as a 'researcher-framed textual interaction'.

Czaja, Ronald and Blair, Johnny. 1996. "Chapter 1: An introduction to surveys and to this book," and "Chapter 2 - Stages of a survey." In Designing Surveys: A Guide to Decisions and Procedures. Thousand Oaks, Pine Forge Press.geography_methods_pdfs/czaja-blair_design-survey

Weisberg, Herbert F., Krosnick, Jon A. and Bowen, Bruce D. 1996. "Designing a survey." In An Introduction to Survey Research, Polling, and Data Analysis, Third Edition. London, Sage Publications.

Fowler, Floyd. 1995. "Some general rules for designing good survey instruments." Improving Survey Questions: Design and Evaluation. Applied Social Research Methods Series, Volume 38. London, Sage Publications.

The survey in its broader 'geographic' meaning as a mode of 'surveying' the world: landscapes, practices, etc. It would be great if we could have a discussion of how 'survey' came to be constrained to have such a narrow meaning in methodological terms...survey, surveil...

Robbins, P. and Krueger, R. (2000), Beyond Bias? The Promise and Limits of Q Method in Human Geography. The Professional Geographer, 52: 636–648.

Christian Brannstrom, 2011, A Q-Method Analysis of Environmental Governance Discourses in Brazil's Northeastern Soy Frontier The Professional Geographer Vol. 63, Iss. 4, 2011

Turner, M.D. 2003. Methodological Reflections on the Use of Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Science in Human Ecological Research. Human Ecology. 31(2): 255-279.

(a big Thanks to Eric Nost for suggestions!!)

WEEK 13. Interviewing and Focus Groups [task: focus group interview]

Kvale, Steinar. 1996. Interviews: An Introduction to Qualitative Research. Thousand Oaks, Sage Publications.

"Chapter 2--The interview as conversation,"

"Chapter 5 - Thematizing and designing an interview study,"

"Chapter 11--Methods of analysis."

Krueger, Richard A. 1994. Focus Groups: A Practical Guide for Applied Research. Thousand Oaks, Sage Publications. [SKIM]

Wilkinson, Sue. 1998. "Focus groups in feminist research: power, interaction, and the co-construction of meaning." Women Studies International Forum 24 (1): 111-125.

Proudfoot, Jesse, 2012, Interviewing Enjoyment The Professional Geographer, 62(4) 2010, pages 507–518

WEEK 14. Ethnography: modernist, realist, poststructuralist, autoethnographic, participatory, approaches

Mary Louise Pratt 'Fieldwork in common places'

Malinowski: Argonauts, 'arrival' trope excerpts: I'm interested in this as a form of 'high modernist' ethnography -- thinking of modernism as a form of thinking that emerged in the early 20th century, one in which many of the hallmarks of positivist science are present: the master subject position, notions of social rationality and taylorism, objectivity to name a few. Read as much as you like, but i'm mostly interested in the description of the ethnographer's role, the description of the relationship (with nary a mention of colonialism) between 'ethnographer' and 'native' (yikes!).

Quantitative work in ethnography: Logics of everyday life

Mutersbaugh: bread and chainsaws -- I can't be the only geographer who mixes quantitative work in with ethnography, but without scratching through piles of pdfs (or whatever one does with them) i've pulled out this piece. I'd be interesting to think how one might apply this sort of time-geography of gender conflict to contemporary settings -- how would one quantify facebook venturings and spatialities? time investments?

Participatory Action Research (PAR): here are a couple of PAR pieces, one expressly, the other less so: i'd be interesting to think about the boundaries of PAR.

Kindon, S., 2005, Participatory Action Research. In Qualitative Research Methods in Human Geography, 2nd Edition ed Iain Hay (Oxford, Oxford Univ Press.

Dowler, Lorraine. 2001. Fieldwork in the trenches: Participant observation in a conflict area. In Melanie Limb and Clair Dwyer (Eds.), Qualitative Methodologies for Geographers: Issues and Debates. London, Arnold.

Autoethnography: Love this piece by Skidmore

 Karaoke Fascism, Skidmore chapters 1-3 on autoethnography in an authoritarian regime -- Chapter 3 is the most important part of this narrative, particularly the parts on fear and the ethnographer's inability to do a standard sort of ethnography. There are other interesting parts, though

Labor ethnographies in geography: the interest in manufacturing process, in the integration of body and machine, in the semiotics of this encounter, really is a distinctive geographic contribution to ethnography.

Dunn: Privatizing Poland: quality control and the person -- very nice piece of work on the mobilization of TQM for polish firms

Melissa Wright: excerpt from 'disposable women' -- this excerpt really doesn't do this piece justice, but gets at some of the shopfloor practices

WEEK 15: Epistemology Redux: analyzing discourse and assemblage AND Research into Methods into grants:

Methods in grants: examples and analysis -- organization, language, strategy, presentation

Foucault: Birth of the clinic

Deleuze: Kafka, towards a minor literature

Latour better test 2

Latour, B, Pandora's Hope, Chapter 2 (Actor-Network Theory)

Latour B, Pandora's Hope Ch2 part 2 x

testing??

WEEK 16: Mall trip (or whatever else we decide to do...): meet student center parking lot for research trip

IRB review

Explaining methods: grant into strategies (the liminal state between significance and protocol)

Mall Write-up ASSIGNMENT DUE Friday of finals week)