Digestive Tract:

1. Microscopic Anatomy: be able to identify the gastroesophageal junction, identify the 2 organs

involved and name the mucosa for each organ, also be able to identify the ileum and all terms

listed in your lab manual for this organ

2. Fetal Pig: know the following structures: esophagus, stomach, small intestine, spiral colon, liver,

gall bladder, pancreas, rectum and anus

3. Digestive System Model, Stomach Model and Liver Model—know all listed terms

Respiratory System:

1.  Microscopic anatomy—slides may be on the microscope or computer

            --trachea--be able to identify the C-shaped hyaline cartilage rings, and name the

epithelium with associated goblet cells.  What muscle completes the rings on the

posterior aspect of the trachea?

            --lung --identify alveoli—lined with simple squamous epithelium (type I cells)

--type 2 cells secrete surfactant and are simple cuboidal cells

see http://www.kumc.edu/instruction/medicine/anatomy/histoweb/resp/resp.htm

                        slide #15 for good image of both type I and type II cells

2.  Fetal Pig—know the following structures: rostrum (snout), external nares (nostrils), larynx, trachea,

lungs and diaphragm

3.  Respiratory Model—know all listed terms

4.  Respiratory Physiology

            --Know definitions of tidal volume (500ml), inspiratory reserve volume , expiratory reserve

volume, residual volume, vital capacity, and total lung capacity = TV+IRV+ERV+RV.

            --Minute Ventilation: the total amount of gas that flows into or out of the respiratory tract in 1

minute = resp. rate x TV

--Understand all physiological mechanisms covered in the questions in protocols III-V

            --Respiratory MEDIAPHYS exercise

Renal/Urinary System:

1.  Microscopic Anatomy

            --be able to identify the kidney and differentiate between the cortex and medulla

            --the renal corpuscles (glomerulus+Bowman’s capsule) are located in the cortex

2.  Fetal pig anatomy

            --be able to identify the right and left kidney and their ureters.  Also be able to identify the

bladder and the urethra.  The bladder lies between the umbilical arteries.

3.  Pig Kidney--be able to identify all listed terms

4.  Urinary Model

            --know all listed items (remember to label right and left on exam!!!)

5.  Large Kidney Model

            --know all listed items (similar to preserved pig kidney)

6.  Large Nephron Model

            --know all listed items

7.  Large Renal Corpuscle

            --know all listed items

8.  Renal Physiology

--know information on page 72 of your lab manual about chemstrip results

--understand how the 3 different experimental groups worked

--understand how to calculate Cl^- content of a urine sample

--understand how to calculate urine flow rate

**CARDIOVASCULAR CASE STUDY**

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